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Jainism - what the words mean

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

A

Acharya/ji A Sadhu who is a learned master of scriptures and head of a sangh.
Anuvrat A vow that is not as strict as a Mahavrat. The five vrats are: non-violence, truth, no stealing, self-control, limited accumulation of possessions.
Arihant Conqueror of internal enemies, such as anger, pride, deceit, greed, jealousy, hatred, intrigue etc.
Atma Soul.


B

Bharat Name of a Kshetra (see below). We live in the Bharat Kshetra, located in southern Jambu Dweep.

C

Charitra The behaviour of a pure soul: completely free of any hatred or attachment.

D

Darshan Perception A pure soul has infinite perception.
Dev A soul in heaven, or at a high spiritual level.
Devlok Heaven.
Dhairya Patience. A pure soul has infinite patience.
Dukkadam Bad deed, fault or lapse.
Dweep A large isolated area. There are two and a half Dweeps, each with three Kshetras.

E

F

G

Ganadhar/ji A principal disciple of Tirthankars. Mahavir had eleven.
Gnan Knowledge. A pure soul has infinite knowledge.
Grevayak High heaven.
Gupti Self-control over mind, speech and body.
Guru/ji/dev A religious teacher.

H


I

J

Jainism The religion preached by Mahavir and other Tirthankars, with a strong emphasis on conquering inner enemies.
Jina/Jineshwar Another word for Tirthankars.
Jiv Soul.
Jyotish Chakra Area of space in where planets, stars, etc. are located.

K

Kaal Time. Runs into more than billions of years per cycle.
Karma A deed – good or bad. Upon maturing, a deed delivers its fruit.
Kevaldarshan Infinite perception. Acquiring it breaks the cycle of birth and death forever. Any soul can attain infinite perception by getting rid of Karmas, attachments, and hatreds.
Kshetra An area, site, or location where humans exist.

L

M

Mahavideha Name of a Kshetra. Currently, twenty Tirthankars live there, making it the most sacred Kshetra.
Mahavrat A vow that is much stricter than an Anuvrat. Only Sadhus dare to take it. There are five Mahavrats.
Mantra Prayer with magical powers or charms.
Moksha A soul’s state of liberation.
Muktishila The highest area of the universe, the area of freedom.


N

Navkar A nine-line prayer, the most meaningful of all the prayers.



O

P

Pratikraman Going back to the soul’s original virtues, which include compassion, peace, even-temperament, forgiveness.

Q

R


S

Sadhu A man who has given up the family life, wealth, and worldly comforts to seek liberation and learn religious scriptures.
Sadhvi/ji A female Sadhu or monk.
Samayik State of calmness.
Shravak/ji Male householder who follows the principles of Jainism.
Shravika The female equivalent of a Shravak/ji.
Siddha A person who has achieved liberation from cycles of births and deaths, and now in Muktishila.

T

Tapa Penance or austerities designed to destroy the Karmas. A pure soul has infinite Tapa.

U

Upadhyay/ji A learned Sadhu who has mastered and teaches religious scriptures.

V

Veerya Strength or vigour. A pure soul has infinite veerya.
Vitraag Someone who has no attachment to material goods.
Vrat Vow.

W

X

Y


Z
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